Czechs and Slovaks together accounted for roughly two-thirds of the new countrys population; other nationalities within the states borders included Germans, Hungarians, Ruthenians, and Poles. The formation of a Yugoslav nation remained largely unsuccessful, and the country ultimately split on largely ethnic lines. The unitarist solution prevailed. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Serbian parliament speaker Borisav Jovi, a strong ally of Miloevi, met with the current President of the Yugoslav Presidency, Bosnian representative Raif Dizdarevi, and demanded that the federal government concede to Serbian demands. In turn, the Croats and Slovenes sought to reform Yugoslavia by delegating even more power to six republics, but were voted down continuously in every motion and attempt to force the party to adopt the new voting system. [3] The Serbs tended to view the territories as a just reward for their support of the allies in World WarI and the new state as an extension of the Kingdom of Serbia.[4]. Jovi and Kadijevi then called upon the delegates of each republic to vote on whether to allow martial law, and warned them that Yugoslavia would likely fall apart if martial law was not introduced. In Serbia the two provinces of Kosovo and Vojvodina were given autonomous status in order to acknowledge the specific interests of Albanians and Magyars, respectively. On January 1, 1993, Czechoslovakia separated peacefully into two new countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Miloevi's answer to the incompetence of the federal system was to centralise the government. In 2003, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was reconstituted and re-named as a State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. In the Croatian independence referendum held on 2 May 1991, 93.24% voted for independence. Between the two major communities, the Serbs and the Croats, Davidson argues, "the term 'ethnic cleansing' can have no sense at all". Meanwhile, the Socialist Republic of Croatia (SR Croatia) and the Socialist Republic of Slovenia (SR Slovenia), supported the Albanian miners and their struggle for recognition. Inflation and unemployment emerged as serious problems, particularly during the 1980s, and productivity remained low. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. On August 20, 1968, the Soviet Union led Warsaw Pact troops in an invasion of Czechoslovakia to crack down on reformist trends in Prague. An independent Czechoslovak state was declared by Tom Masaryk, Edvard Bene, and other leaders on October 28, 1918, and was quickly recognized by France and other Allied opponents of Austria.
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