This campaign was very difficult for Caesar and he was lucky to escape a decisive defeat. ("You too, my child?"). After the suppression of Catilines conspiracy in 63 bce, Caesar, as well as the millionaire Marcus Licinius Crassus, was accused of complicity. If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. Caesar served his quaestorship in the province of Farther Spain (modern Andalusia and Portugal). Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. When Caesar entered Egypt, Ptolemy gifted him Pompeys severed head. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. He formed the First Triumvirate with Pompey and Marcus Licinius Crassus in 60 and was elected consul in 59 and proconsul in Gaul and . [10] Pompey escaped, after Pharsalus and he and other senators vowed to continue the war. Julius Caesar was a leader of ancient Rome who significantly transformed what became known as the Roman Empire by greatly expanding its geographic reach and establishing its imperial system . In 90 bce, Romes Italian allies had seceded from Rome because of the Roman governments obstinate refusal to grant them Roman citizenship, and, as consul, Lucius Caesar had introduced emergency legislation for granting citizenship to the citizens of all Italian ally states that had not taken up arms or that had returned to their allegiance. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. "The First Triumvirate and Julius Caesar." ("And you, Brutus?"). Based on his support and influence he participated in the informal arrangement known as the First Triumvirate. THE TEXT ON THIS PAGE IS NOT PUBLIC DOMAIN AND HAS NOT BEEN SHARED VIA A CC LICENCE. In this situation, nothing could get done and there was political gridlock. Did you know? Julius Caesar transformed Rome from a republic to an empire, grabbing power through ambitious political reforms. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. How did Caesar to rise to Emperor in the Roman Republic? These alliances were interpreted by Caesar as a threat to Rome even though this may not have been the case. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. His writings on the Gallic and Civil wars are considered models of classical historiography. At the same time, he sponsored the building of the Forum Iulium and rebuilt two city-states, Carthage and Corinth. When his rivals in Rome demanded he return as a private citizen, he used these riches to support his army and marched them across the Rubicon River, crossing from Gaul into Italy. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. Caesar and Cornelia had one child, a daughter named Julia. 1. Caesar had by now even eclipsed Pompey. Vocabulary. When his request was refused by the Senate, Caesar crossed the Rubicon and occupied Rome. One by one, several members of the Senate took turns stabbing Julius Caesar (100-44 B.C.E. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-rome/julius-caesar, regulating the distribution of subsidized grain, increasing the size of the Senate to represent more people, granting Roman citizenship to people in Rome's far-flung territories, If I fail, it is only because I have too much pride and ambition., In the end, it is impossible to become what others believe you are., As a rule, men worry more about what they cant see than about what they can., No one is so brave that he is not disturbed by something unexpected., The evil that men do lives after them; the good is oft interred with their bones., There are no tricks in plain and simple faith., Which death is preferable to every other?
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